Astrology / Natal chart 31.12.1956 (December 31, 1956)

A good day to spend with a loved one. Emotions are up, and you may even find yourself pondering a bit on the meaning of life. You feel at one with your situation. All in all, a productive and potentially satisfying day.

Frustration, especially in getting things accomplished, may set today's mood. You could fly off the handle with very little provocation, so exercise some control and be ready for a possible emotional overload.

A time when you could make some wrong choices, in particular as they affect your living situation. You might feel cut off from your friends or be unable to make good decisions. An urge for social life that can quickly turn from good times to hard times.

Everything conspires to reveal you at your most elegant, particularly in social situations. You will have a grasp for abstract and spiritual ideas and the ability to present or communicate these to others.

A clear-minded insight into your own plans and methods is available to you. A very good time to communicate your goals and put them into words. A good time for decisions.

Окрыляет чувства, развивает склонность к искусству. Любят шутки, имеют привлекательную внешность. Умеют нравиться, легко общаются с противоположным полом. Это динамичные, привлекательные люди. Творческий талант в музыке и драматическом искусстве, энергия и воля помогают его проявлять.

Irresistible force meets immovable object. Proceed with caution! There is a lot of energy available for disciplined work, but push too hard and you may break something.

A good day to spend with a loved one. Emotions are up, and you may even find yourself pondering a bit on the meaning of life. You feel at one with your situation. All in all, a productive and potentially satisfying day.

Frustration, especially in getting things accomplished, may set today's mood. You could fly off the handle with very little provocation, so exercise some control and be ready for a possible emotional overload.

A time when you could make some wrong choices, in particular as they affect your living situation. You might feel cut off from your friends or be unable to make good decisions. An urge for social life that can quickly turn from good times to hard times.

Everything conspires to reveal you at your most elegant, particularly in social situations. You will have a grasp for abstract and spiritual ideas and the ability to present or communicate these to others.

A clear-minded insight into your own plans and methods is available to you. A very good time to communicate your goals and put them into words. A good time for decisions.

Окрыляет чувства, развивает склонность к искусству. Любят шутки, имеют привлекательную внешность. Умеют нравиться, легко общаются с противоположным полом. Это динамичные, привлекательные люди. Творческий талант в музыке и драматическом искусстве, энергия и воля помогают его проявлять.

Irresistible force meets immovable object. Proceed with caution! There is a lot of energy available for disciplined work, but push too hard and you may break something.

Events may make it easy for you to be original, have breakthroughs, and find new solutions to old problems. You may find yourself able to implement your ideas and put them into practice. Independence, originality, and eccentricity are to the fore.

In Capricorn, the Sun is strongly goal-directed and persistent. Ambitious, serious and dedicated to duty, life is difficult, but you are the type of person who will triumph and achieve success. Your aptitude to persevere, no matter how difficult the road, sets you apart from most of your peers. You are anxious to climb the ladder of fortune, and you can usually reach your goals because of your sense of the right way of doing everything. Your patience is never ending. You are a very thoughtful and serious person, thinking everything through carefully before you set off in any direction. You possess excellent reasoning skills, and you can be counted on to select options that are both practical and that provide an economic advantage. Your attitude is conservative; conservative with time, money, and all other resources. Your philosophy is waste not, want not. You are also likely to be conservative in your political and social attitudes, although your age, upbringing, and education perspectives may influence this somewhat. You are especially well suited to business and government because of your sense of organization and structure. You combine a talent for management with an ability to carry out instructions with care. You are the quintessential careerist, taking job and duties very seriously. Therefore, you are never one to shirk responsibility and you have very little use for those that do. That which matters most to you is your public image. You show your best face to the public. You enjoy being in a position of power and authority, although you are not very much inclined to enjoy the limelight. You may prefer instead to run your business from an isolated perspective. You are loyal and dedicated, and you demand utter loyalty and dedication from subordinates. Advancing up the ladder of success is all important. You are unconcerned about, sometimes even ruthless toward, those getting in your path as you move upward. You don't handle chaotic situations very well. You may need to develop the ability to lighten up a little and not take life, and everything else so seriously. Although you are self-disciplined, responsible, and practical, at times you can wallow in self-pity. It's essential for you to remember that your most important asset is self-esteem, and you should never devalue this. Rigidity and fear of change may be your biggest stumbling block. Sober and reserved in your dealings with others, it takes you a good while to warm up enough to anyone to be considered a close friend. Yet once you do, you are a very caring, reliable, and most steadfast ally. Your private side is different from your public side. In private you are shy and sensitive. The harshness of your public image disappears. Emotionally demanding relationships are very difficult. Love relationships may be more like business relationships, and you are unsure of yourself in most intimate situations.

A Capricorn Moon is determined, steadfast and reliable. This sign more than any other, shows the effects of very strong and perhaps rigid parental influence. You want to be recognized as an important and powerful person chiefly because you were raised to think that way. Many of your reactions are geared toward your effort to achieve status and position. Your nature is stubbornly persistent, serious in tone, and stable. You are a very hard worker who will persist almost forever to reach a goal. Expressing your emotions is difficult for you, and people around you may view you as a little cold, rigid and unfeeling. This appearance will persist because it is so hard for you to relax and let go. In most ways you are reserved, especially in communicating, and the way you interact with people. You are self-conscious and emotionally conservative. So serious and prudent, you tend too often to look on the dark side of matters, and express a shyness and doubt about your own worth. You are supersensitive to real, or fancied, slights. There is a subconscious tendency to become dispirited and gloomy. You can be emotionally stable and down-to-earth when things are going okay, but when they aren't, you can be down right depressing. In relationships with others, you are loyal, devoted and highly dependable--but demonstrative you are not. You show you care by being available, by coming home on time, by providing for financial needs--rarely do you express deep emotions or seem to show your love in the more conventional ways. With your own children, you're likely to be strict and demanding. You want them to be self-sufficient and responsible. Though you may love deeply, even with closest family members, it is hard to express those most intimate feelings of affection. A practical, steady approach to problem solving makes you an excellent manager with superb executive abilities. Security and stability are very important to you--making money, establishing yourself as a community leader, or accepting the responsibility that will secure your status and attest to your worth as an individual. Your attitude toward life in general is that of the traditionalist because you were raised to believe in solid values and a very conservative approach to living. This placement of the Moon is difficult, but its saving grace is the fact that it easily picks up the best of a chart featuring good aspects, while it gives a sense of stability to those charts in which the aspects are particularly challenging.

In Capricorn, Mercury produces a mind that is clear, sometimes rigid and narrow, and always cautious and resourceful. Your thinking is methodical and careful. You know how to take things a step at a time, each fact building on the thought that went before. Your speech is organized and follows a logical and orderly pattern suggesting that you carefully examine and edit your words before they come out. You hardly ever say something that you are sorry for later. You are not a quick learner, but you are one who never forgets what has been absorbed. You have an excellent memory and attention to the business at hand; a down-to-earth and practical thinker. Insecure about your mental abilities, you work hard to develop yourself with education and experience opportunities. You may be a bit defensive about your lack of education, that is the case. A special need to prove yourself, one way or another, is often the case with Mercury in Capricorn. You have such very good powers of concentration, dignity, and an earnestness that can make you seem too serious. You can have a tendency toward moodiness and sulking, and you may have to work at showing any spirit of optimism. This placement of Mercury, especially if your Sun is also in Capricorn, produces one who is very quiet. Even if your Sun is in the more communicative Sagittarius or Aquarius, a Capricorn Mercury is not very talkative and sociable. You are especially self-conscience about speaking to strangers. You have a very down-to-earth approach to thinking and communicating. Planning and organizing are you special strengths, and they carry you far in business and professional life. You do particularly well on long, drawn out projects that require perseverance and determination. Once you put your mind to a task, it will surely be completed and done well. Cautious and skeptical, you may be conservative to a fault. Your love of tradition, and a natural pessimism, makes you slow to change patterns and premises that have worked in the past. Ideas that shake long-held beliefs are not very often accepted.

In Sagittarius, Venus produces affections that are very demonstrative and friendly. You have a rather carefree attitude toward relationships, and you are not always dependable where affections are concerned. You are humorous, sociable and even a flirt. Outgoing and personable, you are very friendly and sometimes not too serious. There is a strong love of personal freedom in your nature that makes it a little hard for you to settle down to a restrictive sort of relationship. You feel more comfortable in a relationship when things go slowly, and your partner doesn't get too serious too fast. In fact, you would probably like it better if the relationship stayed casual, and pressures of serious love never emerged. Threats to your freedom make you very nervous. It's hard for you to take you eye off of possible escape routes when things seem to be heating up and you feel yourself being hemmed in. You are honest and idealistic in your dealings with others. Strong in your beliefs, you must find a partner sharing your views, or you will surely try to convert your chosen to your way of thinking. You don't hold back on your feelings, and it is never hard to figure out you stand on emotional issues. The key to your romantic nature is friendship. You are upbeat and easy to like. As a friend and lover, you are the ideal partner for that lucky open-minded mate who can accept you on your own terms, and respect your need for space.

Mars is at its strongest in Aries, its natural sign. This placement represents high energy, initiative, courage and impulsiveness. Most of the energies seem to come out as the physical and emotional type, but in Aries, Mars is very active and assertive in demonstrating enthusiasm for all four types of energy. This is a very powerful position for Mars. You have an unrestricted drive to get projects done, to start new projects, and to act decisively. Your enthusiasm is contagious. An individualist with quite an ego, you always want to do things your way. Based on the influence of this planet taken by itself, you are not good at compromise or teamwork. There is a major part of you that always wants to charge out ahead of the pack and be the leader. Despite your apparent leadership abilities, you may function best when you are working alone and independently because of your demand to have your own way. If you are in a group, you will aspire to be the leader. Headstrong and independent, you won't tolerate opposition or interference and your temper can get you into trouble at times. Mars in Aries makes you very competitive in a variety of ways. This is perhaps the most courageous and enterprising Mars position. You have a very strong sex drive which is spontaneous and easily aroused. Self-control can be a problems in this regard. As on the physical side, you are often unrestrained and very demanding emotionally. The negative side of Mars in Aries is a lack of patience and discipline. Self-control and humility can be hard lessons, and often they are never mastered.

Jupiter is in Libra in your chart. This placement denotes an especially strong sense of justice and moral principles. You are attracted to individuals sharing your idealistic views. These persons enhance your opportunities in life. You are very considerate of others and understand the principle of cooperation for solving problems and making progress. You are effective serving as a diplomat, a peace-maker, or in any assignment dealing with public relations. You are able to sway public opinion, winning others over to your way of thinking with your power of persuasion.

Saturn in Sagittarius produces a serious approach to religion, education and philosophy. You are a highly principled person who believes in earning what you achieve through hard work and application. Your reputation is very important to you. This position is associated with leadership in intellectual thought, but higher education may have been blocked for some reason. You may have to educate yourself to achieve the goals you desire. While Sagittarius is the sign of faith, Saturn placed here can produce skepticism and a desire to prove ideas. Conservative in views, you adjust to change slowly and with much resistance. You challenges in life are likely to be associated with religious or philosophical views. In these areas, you are somewhat narrow-minded and fixed in your opinions.

Many of your peers born during the years when Uranus was in Leo may foster changes that expand personal and/or nationalistic power and prominence. Changes involving lofty goals and ideals will find favor within this group.

You and people of this age, tend to dream about matters of a secret and profoundly deep nature in an intense and passionate way. You may be interested in a strong way in matters to do with mysticism, hypnosis and sex. You may wish to get involved in religious or cultish organisations and share your deep held beliefs or searching for profound secrets, such as those related to life and death. You may be interested in matters related to spirits, UFOs, vampires, and other uncertain and vague phenomenon. You should avoid a tendency to believe in things just because they are mystic and profound. You may experience conflict between one part of you that is intensely selfish (or possessive of others) and another than is self-sacrificing. You may be able to refine this differences by dissolving the deep hidden issues into universal oneness.

You delve into deep hidden matters in an analytical and critical manner. You seek self mastery through work, health and service. You are variable and versatile and are concerned with information (mutable sign), and you may be obsessive about these things. You are practical, use common sense and enjoy visual pleasures, art, etc. (earth). You are likely to be influenced by external matters or other people or groups (passive), or by deep desires.

A tendency to be overly self-reliant and set in our ways, to cling to our possessions (material and otherwise) and habits, to be too fearful of crisis and overly focused on security, and to attempt to achieve success through sheer will rather than listening to our sixth sense are some of the issues this position suggests. With this position, we need to loosen the grasp we have on the things and people around us and open ourselves up to our soul’s need for transformation, change, and regeneration. We may experience difficulties in partnerships because we tend to be blind to others’ values and worth, expecting them to share the same values as us. We, in fact, not only need a partner, we need to learn the value of true partnership and intimacy (sharing) in order to gain the security we so crave! But, first we need to move away from our instincts to support ourselves, and towards sharing with significant others. We may fear taking chances and we tend to resist change as well as input from others. We may find ourselves imprisoned by the world of the five senses, and need to learn to fearlessly confront the possibility of crisis and change in our lives. Moving out of the seemingly solid and stable material world can seem intimidating. But clinging to things and people that are either outdated, limiting, or counter to our growth will steer us in the wrong direction. Releasing ourselves from our attachment to doing things our own way will help us find inner balance and satisfaction.

Lilith will probably mask the hidden emotions with a series of ever-changing kaleidoscopic surface emotions and will seem fascinating and elusive to others. The native may be chimerical, fluttering like a fairy from one situation to the next. At her worst, Lilith is irresponsible, remote and refuses to listen to others. Lilith lets you misjudge your fiends easily. You strive for autonomy with manipulative methods and psychological tricks and reject tight interpersonal relationships ~ considering partnerships over friendships. Your fairness, tolerance, global thinking and humanity are noticable. Although highly intuitive, may tend to deny certain obvious situatons.

In Capricorn, the Sun is strongly goal-directed and persistent. Ambitious, serious and dedicated to duty, life is difficult, but you are the type of person who will triumph and achieve success. Your aptitude to persevere, no matter how difficult the road, sets you apart from most of your peers. You are anxious to climb the ladder of fortune, and you can usually reach your goals because of your sense of the right way of doing everything. Your patience is never ending. You are a very thoughtful and serious person, thinking everything through carefully before you set off in any direction. You possess excellent reasoning skills, and you can be counted on to select options that are both practical and that provide an economic advantage. Your attitude is conservative; conservative with time, money, and all other resources. Your philosophy is waste not, want not. You are also likely to be conservative in your political and social attitudes, although your age, upbringing, and education perspectives may influence this somewhat. You are especially well suited to business and government because of your sense of organization and structure. You combine a talent for management with an ability to carry out instructions with care. You are the quintessential careerist, taking job and duties very seriously. Therefore, you are never one to shirk responsibility and you have very little use for those that do. That which matters most to you is your public image. You show your best face to the public. You enjoy being in a position of power and authority, although you are not very much inclined to enjoy the limelight. You may prefer instead to run your business from an isolated perspective. You are loyal and dedicated, and you demand utter loyalty and dedication from subordinates. Advancing up the ladder of success is all important. You are unconcerned about, sometimes even ruthless toward, those getting in your path as you move upward. You don't handle chaotic situations very well. You may need to develop the ability to lighten up a little and not take life, and everything else so seriously. Although you are self-disciplined, responsible, and practical, at times you can wallow in self-pity. It's essential for you to remember that your most important asset is self-esteem, and you should never devalue this. Rigidity and fear of change may be your biggest stumbling block. Sober and reserved in your dealings with others, it takes you a good while to warm up enough to anyone to be considered a close friend. Yet once you do, you are a very caring, reliable, and most steadfast ally. Your private side is different from your public side. In private you are shy and sensitive. The harshness of your public image disappears. Emotionally demanding relationships are very difficult. Love relationships may be more like business relationships, and you are unsure of yourself in most intimate situations.

A Capricorn Moon is determined, steadfast and reliable. This sign more than any other, shows the effects of very strong and perhaps rigid parental influence. You want to be recognized as an important and powerful person chiefly because you were raised to think that way. Many of your reactions are geared toward your effort to achieve status and position. Your nature is stubbornly persistent, serious in tone, and stable. You are a very hard worker who will persist almost forever to reach a goal. Expressing your emotions is difficult for you, and people around you may view you as a little cold, rigid and unfeeling. This appearance will persist because it is so hard for you to relax and let go. In most ways you are reserved, especially in communicating, and the way you interact with people. You are self-conscious and emotionally conservative. So serious and prudent, you tend too often to look on the dark side of matters, and express a shyness and doubt about your own worth. You are supersensitive to real, or fancied, slights. There is a subconscious tendency to become dispirited and gloomy. You can be emotionally stable and down-to-earth when things are going okay, but when they aren't, you can be down right depressing. In relationships with others, you are loyal, devoted and highly dependable--but demonstrative you are not. You show you care by being available, by coming home on time, by providing for financial needs--rarely do you express deep emotions or seem to show your love in the more conventional ways. With your own children, you're likely to be strict and demanding. You want them to be self-sufficient and responsible. Though you may love deeply, even with closest family members, it is hard to express those most intimate feelings of affection. A practical, steady approach to problem solving makes you an excellent manager with superb executive abilities. Security and stability are very important to you--making money, establishing yourself as a community leader, or accepting the responsibility that will secure your status and attest to your worth as an individual. Your attitude toward life in general is that of the traditionalist because you were raised to believe in solid values and a very conservative approach to living. This placement of the Moon is difficult, but its saving grace is the fact that it easily picks up the best of a chart featuring good aspects, while it gives a sense of stability to those charts in which the aspects are particularly challenging.

In Capricorn, Mercury produces a mind that is clear, sometimes rigid and narrow, and always cautious and resourceful. Your thinking is methodical and careful. You know how to take things a step at a time, each fact building on the thought that went before. Your speech is organized and follows a logical and orderly pattern suggesting that you carefully examine and edit your words before they come out. You hardly ever say something that you are sorry for later. You are not a quick learner, but you are one who never forgets what has been absorbed. You have an excellent memory and attention to the business at hand; a down-to-earth and practical thinker. Insecure about your mental abilities, you work hard to develop yourself with education and experience opportunities. You may be a bit defensive about your lack of education, that is the case. A special need to prove yourself, one way or another, is often the case with Mercury in Capricorn. You have such very good powers of concentration, dignity, and an earnestness that can make you seem too serious. You can have a tendency toward moodiness and sulking, and you may have to work at showing any spirit of optimism. This placement of Mercury, especially if your Sun is also in Capricorn, produces one who is very quiet. Even if your Sun is in the more communicative Sagittarius or Aquarius, a Capricorn Mercury is not very talkative and sociable. You are especially self-conscience about speaking to strangers. You have a very down-to-earth approach to thinking and communicating. Planning and organizing are you special strengths, and they carry you far in business and professional life. You do particularly well on long, drawn out projects that require perseverance and determination. Once you put your mind to a task, it will surely be completed and done well. Cautious and skeptical, you may be conservative to a fault. Your love of tradition, and a natural pessimism, makes you slow to change patterns and premises that have worked in the past. Ideas that shake long-held beliefs are not very often accepted.

In Sagittarius, Venus produces affections that are very demonstrative and friendly. You have a rather carefree attitude toward relationships, and you are not always dependable where affections are concerned. You are humorous, sociable and even a flirt. Outgoing and personable, you are very friendly and sometimes not too serious. There is a strong love of personal freedom in your nature that makes it a little hard for you to settle down to a restrictive sort of relationship. You feel more comfortable in a relationship when things go slowly, and your partner doesn't get too serious too fast. In fact, you would probably like it better if the relationship stayed casual, and pressures of serious love never emerged. Threats to your freedom make you very nervous. It's hard for you to take you eye off of possible escape routes when things seem to be heating up and you feel yourself being hemmed in. You are honest and idealistic in your dealings with others. Strong in your beliefs, you must find a partner sharing your views, or you will surely try to convert your chosen to your way of thinking. You don't hold back on your feelings, and it is never hard to figure out you stand on emotional issues. The key to your romantic nature is friendship. You are upbeat and easy to like. As a friend and lover, you are the ideal partner for that lucky open-minded mate who can accept you on your own terms, and respect your need for space.

Mars is at its strongest in Aries, its natural sign. This placement represents high energy, initiative, courage and impulsiveness. Most of the energies seem to come out as the physical and emotional type, but in Aries, Mars is very active and assertive in demonstrating enthusiasm for all four types of energy. This is a very powerful position for Mars. You have an unrestricted drive to get projects done, to start new projects, and to act decisively. Your enthusiasm is contagious. An individualist with quite an ego, you always want to do things your way. Based on the influence of this planet taken by itself, you are not good at compromise or teamwork. There is a major part of you that always wants to charge out ahead of the pack and be the leader. Despite your apparent leadership abilities, you may function best when you are working alone and independently because of your demand to have your own way. If you are in a group, you will aspire to be the leader. Headstrong and independent, you won't tolerate opposition or interference and your temper can get you into trouble at times. Mars in Aries makes you very competitive in a variety of ways. This is perhaps the most courageous and enterprising Mars position. You have a very strong sex drive which is spontaneous and easily aroused. Self-control can be a problems in this regard. As on the physical side, you are often unrestrained and very demanding emotionally. The negative side of Mars in Aries is a lack of patience and discipline. Self-control and humility can be hard lessons, and often they are never mastered.

Jupiter is in Libra in your chart. This placement denotes an especially strong sense of justice and moral principles. You are attracted to individuals sharing your idealistic views. These persons enhance your opportunities in life. You are very considerate of others and understand the principle of cooperation for solving problems and making progress. You are effective serving as a diplomat, a peace-maker, or in any assignment dealing with public relations. You are able to sway public opinion, winning others over to your way of thinking with your power of persuasion.

Saturn in Sagittarius produces a serious approach to religion, education and philosophy. You are a highly principled person who believes in earning what you achieve through hard work and application. Your reputation is very important to you. This position is associated with leadership in intellectual thought, but higher education may have been blocked for some reason. You may have to educate yourself to achieve the goals you desire. While Sagittarius is the sign of faith, Saturn placed here can produce skepticism and a desire to prove ideas. Conservative in views, you adjust to change slowly and with much resistance. You challenges in life are likely to be associated with religious or philosophical views. In these areas, you are somewhat narrow-minded and fixed in your opinions.

Many of your peers born during the years when Uranus was in Leo may foster changes that expand personal and/or nationalistic power and prominence. Changes involving lofty goals and ideals will find favor within this group.

You and people of this age, tend to dream about matters of a secret and profoundly deep nature in an intense and passionate way. You may be interested in a strong way in matters to do with mysticism, hypnosis and sex. You may wish to get involved in religious or cultish organisations and share your deep held beliefs or searching for profound secrets, such as those related to life and death. You may be interested in matters related to spirits, UFOs, vampires, and other uncertain and vague phenomenon. You should avoid a tendency to believe in things just because they are mystic and profound. You may experience conflict between one part of you that is intensely selfish (or possessive of others) and another than is self-sacrificing. You may be able to refine this differences by dissolving the deep hidden issues into universal oneness.

You delve into deep hidden matters in an analytical and critical manner. You seek self mastery through work, health and service. You are variable and versatile and are concerned with information (mutable sign), and you may be obsessive about these things. You are practical, use common sense and enjoy visual pleasures, art, etc. (earth). You are likely to be influenced by external matters or other people or groups (passive), or by deep desires.

A tendency to be overly self-reliant and set in our ways, to cling to our possessions (material and otherwise) and habits, to be too fearful of crisis and overly focused on security, and to attempt to achieve success through sheer will rather than listening to our sixth sense are some of the issues this position suggests. With this position, we need to loosen the grasp we have on the things and people around us and open ourselves up to our soul’s need for transformation, change, and regeneration. We may experience difficulties in partnerships because we tend to be blind to others’ values and worth, expecting them to share the same values as us. We, in fact, not only need a partner, we need to learn the value of true partnership and intimacy (sharing) in order to gain the security we so crave! But, first we need to move away from our instincts to support ourselves, and towards sharing with significant others. We may fear taking chances and we tend to resist change as well as input from others. We may find ourselves imprisoned by the world of the five senses, and need to learn to fearlessly confront the possibility of crisis and change in our lives. Moving out of the seemingly solid and stable material world can seem intimidating. But clinging to things and people that are either outdated, limiting, or counter to our growth will steer us in the wrong direction. Releasing ourselves from our attachment to doing things our own way will help us find inner balance and satisfaction.

Lilith will probably mask the hidden emotions with a series of ever-changing kaleidoscopic surface emotions and will seem fascinating and elusive to others. The native may be chimerical, fluttering like a fairy from one situation to the next. At her worst, Lilith is irresponsible, remote and refuses to listen to others. Lilith lets you misjudge your fiends easily. You strive for autonomy with manipulative methods and psychological tricks and reject tight interpersonal relationships ~ considering partnerships over friendships. Your fairness, tolerance, global thinking and humanity are noticable. Although highly intuitive, may tend to deny certain obvious situatons.